"Contains Human Stem Cell Culture Supernatant." "Contains Retinol." "Contains Ceramide." When you see these claims, do you assume these are the star ingredients formulated at high concentrations?
In fact, there is no legally mandated minimum concentration required to use the word "contains." Even 0.0001% is enough to claim "contains". It is not a lie -- but whether it is effective is an entirely different question.
Common "Contains" Tricks
Displaying it prominently on the front to make it appear as the primary ingredient. Using proprietary names to create an impression of exclusivity. Adding trace amounts of expensive ingredients to convey a premium image.
How to Tell the Difference
Where does the ingredient appear in the full ingredient list (before or after the 1% line)? Does the brand disclose the formulation concentration? Does it provide specific evidence of efficacy?
"Contains" and "contains at an effective concentration" are entirely different things.